Quantum Dots?

This video https://youtube.com/watch?v=0EokkhdppgE describes quantum dots as small semiconductors that change the color of a substance?

1) How does this work? The video shows this diagram (see attachment), but I don't understand it. What is meant by 'energy', potential energy of something? What are the 'bands'? I think the quantum dot is changing the size of the 'band gap', but how is it doing this?

2) This article, https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8395193/ as will as many others mention quantum dots applications for gene therapy. How exactly to quantum dots target specific organs?

Many thanks in advanced!

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